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La Juive
''La Juive'' ((:la ʒɥiv)) (''The Jewess'')〔Macdonald, p. 926〕 is a grand opera in five acts by Fromental Halévy to an original French libretto by Eugène Scribe; it was first performed at the Opéra, Paris, on 23 February 1835.
==Composition history==
''La Juive'' was one of the most popular and admired operas of the 19th century. Its libretto was the work of Eugène Scribe, one of the most prolific dramatic authors of the time. Scribe was writing to the tastes of the Opéra de Paris, where the work was first performed – a work in five acts presenting spectacular situations (here the Council of Constance of 1414), which would allow a flamboyant staging in a setting which brought out a dramatic situation which was also underlined by a powerful historical subject. In addition to this, there could be choral interludes, ballet and scenic effects which took advantage of the entire range of possibilities available at the Paris Opera.
Because of the story of an impossible love between a Christian man and a Jewish woman, the work has been seen by some as a plea for religious tolerance, in much the same spirit as Nathan the Wise, which premiered in 1779,〔(La juive ) (program, Semperoper Dresden)〕〔(Opera, Liberalism, and Antisemitism in Nineteenth-Century France: The Politics of Halévy's La Juive ), by Diana R. Hallman, Cambridge University Press (2007)〕 Meyerbeer's ''Les Huguenots'' which premiered in 1836, a year after ''La Juive'', as well as the 1819 novel ''Ivanhoe'' by Sir Walter Scott which deals with the same theme. At the time of composition, the July Monarchy had liberalised religious practices in France. Meyerbeer and Halévy were both Jewish, and storylines dealing with topics of tolerance were common in their operas. However, reviews of the initial performances show that journalists of the period responded to the liberalism and to the perceived anti-clericalism of Scribe's text, rather than to any specifically Jewish theme.〔Leich-Galland,1987.〕
Some believe that the libretto of ''La Juive'' has a goal of reconsidering the status of Jews in French society. Others believe that the clichéd portrayal of the Jew Eléazar as secretive, vengeful and materialistic does not bear out this interpretation.〔Conway (2011), 216-218〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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